Shin ko kunsan akwai lokacin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka su zauna su kekketa Africa kaman Gurasar Kano?

Shin ko kunsan akwai lokacin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka su zauna su kekketa Africa kaman Gurasar Kano?

Wannan shi ne zalunci na farko da ayi ma Afrika wanda har yanzu yake shafar mu, wannan anyi sa ne a wani zama da akayi lakabai da Berlin Conference.

Ga dai cikakken Bayani Akan Berlin Conference (1884–1885)

Menene Berlin Conference?

Berlin Conference ko Congo Conference taro ne da aka gudanar a birnin Berlin, Jamus, daga 15 ga Nuwamba, 1884 zuwa 26 ga Fabrairu, 1885.

An kira wannan taro ne domin kasashen Turai su tsara yadda za su raba nahiyar Afirka tsakaninsu ba tare da sun yi yaki da juna ba.

A wancan lokacin, nahiyar Afirka tana da albarkatu masu yawa, kamar zinariya, man fetur, auduga, itatuwa, da sauran ma’adinai.

Wannan ne yasa Turawa suka yi gaggawar neman hanyoyin mallakar ta.

Taron ya gudana a karkashin shugabancin Otto von Bismarck, wanda shi ne Firayim Ministan Jamus a lokacin.

Babu ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin Afirka da aka gayyata, duk da cewa tattaunawar ta shafi makomar nahiyar su 😔.

Su waye suka halarta?

An sami halartar kasashe 14 na Turai, da kuma Amurka. Ga jerin su:

1. 🇩🇪 Jamus (Germany), 2. 🇬🇧 Birtaniya (Britain), 3. 🇫🇷 Faransa (France), 4. 🇧🇪 Belgium, 5. 🇵🇹 Portugal, 6. 🇪🇸 Spain, 7. 🇮🇹 Italy, 8. 🇳🇱 Netherlands (Holland), 9. 🇦🇹 Austria–Hungary, 10. 🇸🇪 Sweden–Norway, 11. 🇩🇰 Denmark, 12. 🇷🇺 Rasha (Russia), 13. 🇹🇷 Daular Usmaniyya (Turkey) da 14. 🇺🇸 Amurka (USA)

Wannan ke nufin an raba Afirka ba tare da wakilcin ɗan Afirka guda ɗaya ba! zaluncin farko kenan da Turawa su fara yi ma Afrika 😞

Manufar Taron Berlin

A. Manufar da aka bayyana (a fili):

Don guje wa rikici tsakanin kasashen Turai wajen mamaye yankunan Afirka.

Don tsara dokoki na yadda za a mallaki yankuna cikin tsari.

Don kare cinikayya da ’yanci a kogin Congo da Niger.

Don dakile cinikin bayi, wanda suka ce suna son kawo ƙarshensa (amma da yawa daga cikinsu sune suka fara bayi).

 B. Manufar da ta ɓoye (gaskiyar manufar):

Don kwashe albarkatun Afirka su kai kasashensu.

Don ƙara ƙarfafa mulkin mallaka.

Don lalata tsarin addini da al’adun Afirka.

Don mayar da Afirka kasuwa ce ta Turawa.

4. Abin da suka yi a Berlin Conference

A wannan taron ne aka raba nahiyar Afirka a taswira.

Kowace ƙasa ta Turai ta sami yankin nata, ba tare da tambayar mutanen da ke ciki ba.

An kira wannan rabon da suna “Scramble for Africa” wato gaggawar mallakar Afirka.

Ga yadda suka raba yankuna:

Kowace Ƙasa ga  Yan kunan da ta mallaka

🇬🇧 Birtaniya Nigeria, Ghana, Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Sudan

🇫🇷 Faransa Mali, Niger, Senegal, Chad, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire

🇧🇪 Belgium Congo (Belgian Congo – yanzu DRC)

🇵🇹 Portugal Angola, Mozambique

🇩🇪 Jamus Cameroon, Togo, Namibia, Tanzania

🇮🇹 Italy Libya, Eritrea, Somalia

🇪🇸 Spain Equatorial Guinea, Western Sahara

Nasan wasu zasu ce to ina sauran ƙasashen da su halarta amma basu mallaki ko wani yanki ba?

Shima rubutu ne mai zaman kansa amma gashi a takaice.

🇺🇸 Amurka dalilin da yasa bata samu yanki a Africa ba, tana mai da hankali kan cikin gida (Monroe Doctrine) saboda lokacin bara dade da samun yancin kai daga Birtaniya ba.

🇷🇺 Rasha ta fi son mamaye Asiya da Caucasus

🇳🇱 Netherlands lokacin tana mulkin mallaka a Asiya, ba ta shiga Afirka

🇦🇹 Austria–Hungary Ba ta da ƙarfi a teku

🇸🇪🇳🇴 Sweden–Norway Ba su da tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi da zasu zo.

🇩🇰 Denmark tana fama da Ƙaramin ƙarfi da ƙarancin albarkatu

🇹🇷  Turkiye, Daular Usmaniyya  (ta riga ta rasa wasu yankuna)  Tana cikin rauni da rikice-rikice

Sakamakon wannan rabo, iyakar kasashe da dama a Afirka ba ta bi kabilanci ko al’adu ba, illa abin da Turawa suka zana da alkalami a taswira, shi ne sanadiyar raba Mali da Niberz Nigeria, Cameroon da Chad, amma idan ba haka ba zamanin Usman Danfodiyo, tun daga Mali, Nigeria, wani yanki na Cotonou, Cameroon Chad, har zuwa Central African Republic duk Daula guda ce.

Menene  Illolin Berlin Conference Ga Afirka? 

A da (lokacin mulkin mallaka):

1. Rusa al’adun Afirka: Turawa sun tilasta tsarin mulkinsu da harshensu.

2. Sarakuna sun rasa iko: An kwace mulki daga hannun shugabannin gargajiya.

3.  Bautar kai da cin zarafi: Mutane sun zama bayi a gonaki da ma’adinai.

4. Kwashen albarkatun Afirka: Albarkatu sun zama mallakar Turawa.

5. Rarrabuwar kabilu: Kabilu guda aka raba kasashe daban (misali: Hausawa, Fulani, da Kanuri).

6. Tilasta yaki da juriya: Duk wanda ya ƙi yarda da Turawa an kashe shi ko an kama shi.

Wannan dalili ne ya jawo mana har zuwa yanzu kamar 👇👇👇

1. Rikicin kabilanci da iyaka: Saboda iyakokin da aka zana ba bisa al’ada ba, misali dan Arewacin Nigeria na fuskantar kyama wajen wasu a Kudu

2. Talauci da dogaro da kasashen waje: Tsarin tattalin arzikin mulkin mallaka ya bar Afirka tana sayar da albarkatunta ba tare da ƙima ba.

3. Rashin haɗin kai: Kasashen Afirka suna yawan rikici da juna maimakon haɗin kai.

4. Rashin cikakken ci gaba: Saboda tsarin Turawa da bai ba da damar gina masana’antu ba.

5. Lalata addini da al’adu: Sun kawo tsarin Turanci da Kiristanci da ya sauya yanayin rayuwar Afirka.

6. Dogaro da waje: Har yanzu yawancin Afirka tana dogaro da Turai da Amurka a fasaha, kudi, da siyasa.

6. Hanyoyin Gyara Da Za a Bi Domin Samun Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa

To tunda an gano illa ina kuma mafita ga Africa? 🌍 

--- Ƙarfafa African Union (AU) da ECOWAS, domin su kare muradun Afirka gaba ɗaya.

Gina kasuwanci na cikin gida (Intra-African Trade) kamar yadda ake yi da African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

--- Ilimi da wayar da kai

--- Koyar da tarihin Afirka na gaskiya a makarantu wanda hakan zai sabun ta tunanin masu karatu don a samu sauyi.

--- Ƙarfafa bincike da fasahar gida domin dogaro da kanmu.

--- Shugabanci na gari

Kare demokiradiyya, adalci, da yaki da cin hanci.

Zabar shugabanni masu hangen nesa, ba masu son kai ba, ba irin su.... 😌😌😌 Inna tashi bacci zan faɗa 😂😂😂

 --- Ci gaba mai dorewa

--- Amfani da albarkatun kasa cikin hikima da tsare-tsare.

---- Zuba jari a makamashi mai sabuntawa (solar, wind).

--- Kula da muhalli, ruwa, da gandun daji.

 --- Ƙarfafa zaman lafiya da haɗin kan al’umma

Akwai buƙatar sulhu da fahimtar juna tsakanin kabilu.

A guji rikicin siyasa da addini da ake amfani da shi wajen rarraba mutane, musamman mu anan Yammacin Africa ko ma ince Nigeria.

Berlin Conference ba wai kawai taro ba ne  shi ne asalin tsarin mulkin mallaka da ya raba Afirka.

A yau, illolinsa suna nan cikin tattalin arziki, siyasa, da zamantakewa.

Sai dai idan Afirka ta haɗa kai, ta ƙarfafa ilimi, fasaha, da shugabanci na gari, to za ta iya gyara barnar da aka yi, ta zama nahiyar da ta dogara da kanta kuma ta ci gaba cikin gaskiya da ɗorewa.

Daga karshe ina mana fatan alkhairi, idan Rubutun ya kayarar da ku, kuyi min Comment, Share da Like, don wasu suma karu don mu gina Africa tare.